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ENG 120: Crawford Spring 2024

Citations are short, yet thorough, references to another's work within your own writing, particularly in scholarship and academic communities. 

So why are they important and necessary for us to understand AND be able to use? 

  1. Citing your sources shows that you've done thorough, well-crafted research;
  2. Citing makes you a responsible scholar by giving credit where credit is due;
  3. Citing is an essential aspect of Scholarly Communications:
    • Helps others find your sources
    • Contributes to the growth of research/a discipline

Finally, citing your sources accurately & fully is the best way to avoid plagiarism! 

There are many different kinds of citation styles out there, but the Big 3 are: 

  1. MLA (Modern Language Association
  2. APA (American Psychological Association)
  3. The Chicago Manual of Style

Each style is utilized in specific disciplines. For example, MLA and Chicago tend to be utilized in The Humanities disciplines, while APA is used in the social and health sciences. 

MLA: The Basics

Why use MLA citation style?

 

MLA is most commonly used to cite sources within in the liberal arts, specifically the humanities.

 

What does that really mean?:

 

When you cite in MLA, you use parenthetical citations for your in-text citations and a works-cited page at the end of your paper.

 

A typical MLA citation will include: 

 

  • the author's full name, last and first
  • the year of publication
  • the publisher/journal title
  • page numbers

 

What does an in-text citation typically look like?:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263).
Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).
Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).*

*example from the Purdue OWL

 

What does a Works Cited citation typically look like?:

Your works-cited page and your in-text citations should line up with each other - meaning that if you include an in-text citation, you will be able to find more detailed information about that source in the complete works-cited list.

For example the in-text citation might read, "(Worsdworth, 263)" - indicating the author's last name, and the page used in the paper. 

The works-cited citation for that book would be:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford UP, 1967.

The general format for a citation in your works-cited list in MLA will more or less follow this guideline:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of the Book. Publisher Location: Name of Publisher, Year of Publication.

For a peer-reviewed journal article you find through a library database, you can use the following template: 

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages.